08/Nov/2022

What is a throat infection?

A throat infection, also known as pharyngitis, may be caused by a bacterial or viral infection that causes inflammation of the throat tissues, resulting in redness, discomfort, and swelling of the throat walls or structures.

The pharynx, or throat, is the tube-like structure that transports food to the esophagus and air to the windpipe (called the larynx). Infectious agents of the throat are most often introduced through the mouth or nose. Many of these diseases are caused by viruses, while others may be caused by bacteria (such as Streptococcus pyogenes, or group A Streptococcus). The agents that cause the painful and well-known condition known as strep throat are streptococcal bacteria. Schedule your appointment with throat specialists in Gurgaon.

The most common symptoms of a throat infection are discomfort and a sense of heat in the throat or pharynx. Other structures in the throat, especially the tonsils, can be affected by the infection (when it is referred to as tonsillitis). Symptoms may vary from mild to extreme, and they may or may not be accompanied by fever, cough, congestion, and other flu-like symptoms like body aches. Swollen lymph nodes in the neck are another possibility.

Most throat infections, especially those caused by viruses, resolve on their own, while some bacterial infections can be treated effectively with antibiotics.

if you are experiencing serious symptoms such as choking or severe difficulty breathing, which may be accompanied by pale or blue lips, a rapid heart rate (tachycardia), and anxiety; a high fever (higher than 101 degrees Fahrenheit); sudden swelling of the tongue or throat structures; a change in the level of consciousness or alertness, such as passing out or being unresponsive; or a change in the level of consciousness or alertness.

You may also have less severe signs or illnesses that need to be checked. If you have white spots at the back of your throat or on your tonsils, if you are being treated for a throat infection but mild symptoms recur or are chronic, or if you have any issues, seek medical attention right away.

What are the signs and symptoms of throat infection?

You can have signs of a throat infection for several weeks at a time. It is important to note that just because these symptoms go away during treatment for a bacterial throat infection does not mean that the infection has gone away: you must continue to take your medicine as prescribed. Seek medical attention if any of these symptoms worsen, it becomes difficult to breathe, or the temperature rises above 101 degrees Fahrenheit.

The typical symptom of a throat infection

Depending on the cause or severity of the infection, you may or may not experience any of these symptoms. All of these symptoms can become serious at times. Typical throat infection signs include:

The ache in the body
Coughing up clear, yellow, light brown, or green mucus is possible.
Breathing difficulties (ranging from mild to severe)
Swallowing Difficulties
Congestion or dry throat
Lymph nodes or tonsils that are enlarged
Chills and fever
hoarseness
Tonsils or throat are covered with pus or white spots.
Throat discomfort

Serious symptoms that could signify a life-threatening condition

If left untreated, throat infection can become life-threatening if the airway is cut off or if the infection spreads into the bloodstream and causes rheumatic fever or sepsis (a life-threatening bacterial blood infection). Seek medical attention right away if you see pus or white spots on your tonsils or at the back of your throat.

Changes in consciousness or alertness
suffocation
Confusion or lack of consciousness, even for a short period
Lethargy, fainting, or a shift in state of consciousness
A fever is present (higher than 101 degrees Fahrenheit)
Jerky movements or joint pain
Severe trouble breathing, possibly accompanied by pale or blue lips and a rapid heart rate (tachycardia)
Extreme agony
Swelling of the tongue or throat structures that occurs suddenly

What is the cause of throat infection?

Viruses or bacterial infections are the most common causes of throat infections (e.g., strep throat). The flu (influenza) and bacterial mononucleosis are two viral causes of sore throat. Typically, bacterial and viral throat infections are infectious.

What are the warning signs of throat infection?

A variety of factors increase the likelihood of contracting a throat infection. Not all with risk factors will develop a throat infection. Among the risk factors for throat infection are:

Either advanced or very young age
Closed-off job or living areas
Exposure to densely populated areas
Immune deficiency
lowering your chances of getting a throat infection

You will reduce the chances of getting a throat infection by doing the following:

Sharing food and consuming utensils, cups, and glasses is discouraged.
Using sanitizing agents on phones, keyboards, remote controls, and other common surfaces
As soon as possible, ventilate your work and living spaces.
Hand washing regularly

What is the treatment for throat infection?

Prevention is the most critical step in treating a throat infection. Infections will, however, occur even with the most diligent efforts. Many throat infections, fortunately, resolve on their own over time or are normally curable with prompt treatment with antibiotics such as amoxicillin or penicillin and, if necessary, fever-reducing agents.

If your doctor suspects an infection, you will most likely be given a throat culture (a swab of mucus or a fluid sample for laboratory analysis) to determine the source of your infection. Antibiotic therapy is the mainstay of bacterial infection treatment and is extremely successful. To prevent reinfection or recurrence, strictly adhere to your treatment plan and take all drugs as directed.

Antibiotics that are used to treat a throat infection

Antibiotics are the standard treatment for bacterial throat infections such as strep throat, though they are primarily used to avoid uncommon but severe complications such as rheumatic fever.

What you can do to improve your throat infection

In addition to strictly adhering to your prescription schedule, you can alleviate any sore throat symptoms by:

Avoiding smoke and chemical irritants when recovering
Drinking plenty of fluids, including both warm and cold caffeine-free beverages
Consuming iced pop treats to relieve throat pain and heat
Using saltwater as a gargle
Getting enough rest
Using steam to humidify air passages
Taking as much time as possible to rest the speech
Throat lozenges the sucking
Pain and fever should be treated as instructed.

For throat infection book your appointment online with the best ent doctor in Gurgaon.

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Dr. Ravinder Gera

25/Oct/2022

What is a common cold?

A cold, also known as a common cold, is a condition characterized by a cough, runny nose, scratchy throat, fever, and nonstop sneezing. It is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that mainly affects the nose and, to a lesser extent, the sinuses, ears, and bronchial tubes. Call us and schedule your appointment with an ent surgeon in Gurgaon.

Common Cold Causes

Viruses cause the common cold. Among them are the following:

Rhinovirus – This virus usually infiltrates your system in the early fall, spring, and summer. They are responsible for 10% to 40% of colds. Even though these are the most common viruses that affect you, they are unlikely to make you seriously ill.

Coronavirus – This virus attacks the human body in the winter and early spring. This virus is responsible for 20% of colds. There are over 30 different types of coronaviruses, with about 3 or 4 of them being dangerous.

RSV and parainfluenza – These tiny organisms cause serious infections in young children, such as pneumonia.

Pneumonia is a lung infection that causes a cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. Any additional signs maybe –

A cough, for example. mucus (sputum) from your lungs, which may be rusty, green, or blood-tinged.

diarrhea
fever
Chills from shaking and “teeth-chattering”
Rapid breathing and a sense of being out of the air
Rapid pulse
Chest pain that worsens when you cough or breathe in
Nausea and vomiting
Feeling very tired or frail

An individual infected with the common cold could infect you. You are more likely to become contaminated by germs or viruses if you touch surfaces or objects used by them that contain germs and then touch your nose or mouth.

If you are near a cold-infected individual, their sneeze can contaminate the air you breathe passively.

Cold infection begins when a virus attaches to the lining of the nose or mouth. The body’s immune system sends out white blood cells (WBC) to attack the invader, and this is how cold is defeated.

Common Cold Signs and Symptoms

When a cold strikes, the following symptoms are common:

Primary Complaints

Sore or scratchy throat
Nose bleeds
Nose congestion
Coughing
Runny Nose
Wet eye

Secondary Complaints

A fever is present.
Muscle pain
Tiredness
A migraine
Appetite loss

Risk factors

Colds can strike at any time of year, but certain factors can increase the risk:
being a young child or an elderly person
a weakened immune system
Colds are more common in the winter, so seasonal factors play a role.
being near someone who has cold

complications

A cold is typically not extreme, and it usually goes away after 7–10 days.
Complications do, however, arise from time to time. Those with a compromised immune system are more likely to be affected.

They are as follows:

bronchitis
Serious bronchitis
respiratory infection
the croup
Otitis media is a form of ear infection (middle ear infection)
throat infection (strep throat)
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which involves emphysema and chronic bronchitis, may be exacerbated by a cold.

Call us and schedule your appointment with the best ent surgeon in Gurgaon.

Prevention

It is almost impossible to fully avoid the spread of colds, but you can reduce the risk of catching a cold by taking some precautions.
Wash your hands often – This is possibly the most effective way to avoid the spread of a cold or some other type of infection. Use hand sanitizer while you are in public places, and always wash your hands before eating. Teach children the value of handwashing as well.
Avoid rubbing your face – Try not to touch your face, mouth, nose, or eyes when you are near someone who has a cold.
Control stress – People who are often under emotional stress have a poorer immune system, which means they are more susceptible to catching a cold. Reduce depression and live a healthier lifestyle.
Keep household surfaces tidy, such as doorknobs, drawer pulls, keyboards, light switches, telephones, remote controls, countertops, and sinks. These are the locations where viruses can be found for hours after an infected person has used them.
Avoid smoking – Cigarette smoke can increase your susceptibility to colds and other infections. Also, avoid passive smoking.
Drink plenty of water – Water, milk, clear broth, warm lemon water, chicken soup, and other warm fluids are all good options. These will assist you in avoiding a cold or flu.

Treatments

A cold has no remedy, but medication will help manage symptoms.
Here are some pointers:
To avoid dehydration, drink plenty of fluids.
Get a lot of rest.
To relieve pain and discomfort, take over-the-counter medications.
Inhale steam to help alleviate nasal inflammation.

For a sore throat, gargle with saltwater. For colds, people use a variety of natural remedies. Some remedies, such as drinking warm lemon and honey, can be beneficial. However, not all of them have empirical evidence proving their usefulness. Cold remedies are available over the counter in drugstores, hospitals, and online. If complications occur, a doctor can prescribe antiviral medication or antibiotics, depending on the type of complication. Call us and schedule your appointment with the best ent surgeon in Gurgaon.

Dr. Ravinder Gera

15/Oct/2022

Hearing loss is a common condition caused by several factors such as noise, aging, illness, and heredity. Hearing is a complex sense that involves the capacity of the ear to hear sounds and the brain’s ability to perceive certain sounds as important. Schedule your appointment with an ent specialist in Gurgaon.

The following factors influence how much hearing loss reduces a person’s quality of life:

The severity of the hearing loss
Configuration of the hearing loss at various frequencies
If the problem is in one or both ears
Areas in the auditory system that aren’t working properly, such as the middle ear, inner ear, neuronal pathways, or the brain
Recognition of voice sounds
Exposure to loud noises or harmful environmental/drug contaminants in the past
The age of the person

Hearing Loss Symptoms

Early warning signs Hearing loss can be subtle and grow gradually, or it can be severe and occur abruptly. In any case, there are common symptoms and signs of hearing loss. Early detection of hearing loss is important since early treatment is often more effective.

If you experience any of the following symptoms, you should check with an ENT doctor.

Request that people repeat themselves regularly.
Conversations between more than two individuals are difficult to observe.
It’s difficult to tell which way the noise is coming from.
Consider why other people’s voices are muffled or mumbled.
Have trouble hearing in noisy environments, such as restaurants, shopping centers, conferences, or packed meeting rooms
Had difficulty hearing women’s and children’s voices
Listen to TV or radio at a frequency that is louder than necessary for others.
In conversations, do not answer or react improperly.
Tinnitus is a ringing, humming, or whistling sound between the ears.
When people talk to you, read their lips, or pay close attention to their expressions.
Feeling tired or depressed as a result of having to focus while listening?

Three types of hearing loss.

Conduction hearing loss affects the outer or middle ear, while sensorineural hearing loss affects the inner ear or auditory nerve. Some people have both, which is known as combined hearing loss.

Conductive Hearing Impairment

Conductive hearing loss is caused by issues with the ear canal, eardrum, or middle ear, as well as the three tiny bones that make up the ear (the malleus, incus, and stapes). If there is difficulty conducting sound from the external and middle ear into the inner ear, this is referred to as conductive hearing loss.

Conductive Hearing Loss Causes

A blockage in the external ear, normally caused by wax (cerumen) accumulation in the ear canal, is one of the most common causes of conductive hearing loss. Infections in the ear canal, such as a swimmer’s ear, a perforated or ruptured eardrum, cysts, tumors, or foreign substances in the ear canal may all cause conductive hearing loss.

Chronic middle ear infections, or ‘glue ear,’ where fluid builds up in the middle ear and prevents the eardrum from moving, are common causes of conductive hearing loss in the middle ear. Diseases or injuries to the middle ear may also cause conductive hearing loss.

Conductive Hearing Loss Treatment

The majority of conditions that cause conductive hearing loss are reversible and can be treated with proper medical care, so it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible.

कान में संक्रमण- सामान्य कान की समस्याएं और आप उनके बारे में क्या कर सकते हैं

Sensorineural Hearing Impairment (SNHL)

Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by inner ear issues. It is also known as nerve-related hearing loss and is caused by damage to the inner ear’s tiny hair cells (cochlea).

Sensorineural Hearing Loss Causes

Age, noise, and diseases may all be causes of SNHL. Throughout life, everybody loses tiny hair cells in the cochlea, resulting in a progressive loss of hearing. Excessive noise, on the other hand, can harm the hair cells. Sensorineural hearing loss is on the rise.

as a result of repeated exposure to high-intensity noise, either at work or while listening to loud music Sensorineural hearing loss may also occur as a result of conditions such as mumps, meningitis, multiple sclerosis, Meniere’s disease, or substance use.

If your mother had rubella (German measles) during pregnancy, or if your birth rate was extremely low, you may develop sensorineural hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss can also be inherited, and it is possible to lose hearing capacity as a result of head/ear injuries. If you have a sudden sensorineural hearing loss (or some sudden hearing loss), you should see a doctor right away.

Sensorineural Hearing Loss Treatment

While sensorineural hearing loss is irreversible, most people find hearing aids to be very helpful.

Mixed Hearing Loss

Mixed hearing loss is caused by both conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. Mixed hearing loss occurs when the outer and middle ear’s ability to conduct sound to the inner ear and brain is damaged, as well as damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve.

Mixed Hearing Loss Causes

Illness, medications, hereditary factors, head trauma, and/or inner ear malformation are all possible causes of mixed hearing loss.

Mixed Hearing Loss Treatment

The conductive component of hearing loss is often treated medically or surgically, while the sensorineural component is normally handled with hearing aids. If you believe you have mixed hearing loss, you should see a doctor.

What Is Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) and How Does It Affect You?

Sounds may be harmful if they are too noisy, even if only for a short time, or if they are both loud and prolonged. NIHL can be obvious right away or take a long time to manifest. It may also be temporary or permanent, affecting one or both ears. Among the recreational practices that can put you at risk for NIHL are:

Hunting and target practice
Snowmobiling is a popular winter sport.
Using earbuds or headphones to listen to music at high volume
Participating in a band or going to noisy concerts
Lawnmowers, leaf blowers, and workshop equipment may all produce harmful household noises. Whatever effect it has on you, one thing is certain: noise-induced hearing loss should be avoided!

Hearing Security

Long-term exposure to loud noise would eventually result in hearing loss. Loud noise damages or kills the nerves in the inner ear, and is often followed by “tinnitus,” or a permanent ringing in the ear.

Audiometric Evaluation

Many people experience slight hearing loss as they age, most notably in higher pitches (frequencies). An audiologist or certified hearing care specialist can identify early stages of hearing loss with annual audiometric testing; serious or significant hearing loss can indicate prolonged noise exposure. The results of the tests indicate the hearing level at various pitches or frequencies, including those of the human voice. The second and subsequent studies are compared to the findings or baseline from the first year. Call us and schedule your appointment with a top ent specialist in Gurgaon.

Noise Protection for Your Hearing

Noise sensitivity can be mitigated by wearing appropriate hearing protection. Hearing protection is available in a wide range of models, from simple over-the-counter earplugs and earmuffs to custom-fit hearing protection. Invest in quality custom earmolds or other hearing protection equipment recommended by an audiologist or hearing care provider; wear them if you may be subject to excessive noise. Attending concerts or sporting events, firing weapons, operating with equipment, using power tools, and mowing the lawn are all examples of cases where hearing protection should be worn. If you’re ready to take control of your hearing health, contact our Hospital today to make an appointment! Our experts are available to help you on your path to improved hearing. Schedule your appointment with a top ent specialist in Gurgaon.

Dr. Ravinder Gera

04/Oct/2022

What is Ear Pain?

Ear pain (otalgia) is most common in infants, but it can also occur in adults. Primary otalgia refers to pain that originates inside the ear, whereas secondary otalgia refers to pain that originates outside the ear. Ear pain may develop gradually or suddenly. Pain can be dull, sharp, or burning, and it can be temporary or chronic. Typically, the pain appears in just one ear, although it can occur in both ears at times. Call us and schedule your appointment with the best ear specialist in Gurgaon.

Ear Pain Signs and Symptoms

Ear pain can be accompanied by the following symptoms:

fever
Excessive ear drainage
Hearing impairment
Migraine
Chewing Difficulties
Jaw ache
The act of clicking or popping
Irritability and fussiness (in children)
Increased sobbing (in children)
Appetite loss (in children)

Ear Pain Causes and Risk Factors

Ear pain is often caused by a blockage in the eustachian tube, which connects the middle ear to the back of the nasal cavity and the throat. As the Eustachian tube becomes blocked, air and fluid cannot flow into the passageway, causing pressure and pain to build up.

Ear infections, especially in children, are a common cause of ear pain. Otitis media, or middle ear infection, occurs when fluids build up in the tubes within the middle ear. This fluid may then become contaminated with bacteria or viruses.

Children are more likely than adults to get ear infections, in part because their eustachian tubes are narrower and straighter, making it more difficult for fluid to drain out. Their immune systems are still evolving, making them more vulnerable to infections.

Swimmer’s ear, also known as otitis externa (infection of the outer ear and ear canal), is caused by unclean water that becomes trapped in the outer ear canal after swimming, providing a perfect habitat for infection-causing bacteria.

Scratching the inside of the ear with a finger, cotton swab, or another object may cause ear pain.

Some potential sources of ear pain include:

Allergic reactions
Infection of the nose
Throat discomfort
Infection of the teeth
Earwax buildup
Eardrum rupture

Changes in altitude pressure (barotrauma) Temporomandibular joint syndrome (TMJ, or problems with the joint that connects your jaw to the side of your head)

Jaw arthritis is a form of arthritis that affects the joints in the jaw.

Ear infections are rarely the primary cause of ear pain in adults. Rather, the pain may be caused by a condition such as TMJ.

How Is Ear Pain Recognized?

Based on the symptoms and medical history, a doctor may make a diagnosis of ear pain. They would also most likely use an otoscope (a light-emitting instrument) to test your ears, nose, and throat for redness and other signs in order to determine the source of your ear pain.

A doctor will also use the otoscope to blow a blast of the air against the eardrum to see if it is moving normally to diagnose an ear infection.

Ear Pain Prognosis

The prognosis of ear pain is determined by the cause. Ear infections, for example, usually go away on their own after a week or two.

A ruptured eardrum can also recover on its own after a few months. The prognosis is generally favorable; however, long-term hearing loss and symptoms such as dizziness and vertigo can occur on rare occasions.

Ear Pain Duration

Ear pain usually goes away on its own after a few days, and your doctor may advise you to wait a few days before taking antibiotics. When you begin antibiotics for an infection, you can see an improvement within two to three days.

Ear Pain Treatment and Medication Options

The treatment for ear pain is often determined by the source of the issue. Medication, surgery, and home remedies are all popular treatments.

Medication Alternatives

To relieve ear pain, your doctor can advise you to take over-the-counter (OTC) medications such as Tylenol (acetaminophen) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin). Your doctor can also prescribe over-the-counter ear drops to alleviate discomfort, but these can never be used if the eardrum has ruptured.

Antibiotics are sometimes recommended for ear infections, although they are not always required. Antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, can be used in children to treat ear infections that are serious or last for more than a few days.

An earache may be caused by an accumulation of earwax in the ear canal. Even, never insert something into the ear, including a cotton swab, which would just bring the wax deeper into the ear rather than remove it. A healthcare professional should diagnose and treat excessive earwax. Call us and schedule your appointment with the best ear specialist in Gurgaon.

Ear Pain prevention

While ear pain is not always avoidable, there are some steps you can take to reduce the risk of ear injuries and infections.
Keep foreign particles out of your ears at all times, and always dry your ears after swimming, showering, or bathing. When swimming, you can also use a bathing hat, earplugs, or custom-fitted swim molds.
Stop smoking if you smoke, and try to prevent secondhand smoke, which has been related to ear infections in children.
Getting a flu vaccine every year is a smart way to stay safe. Pneumococcal vaccine should be given to children as well since the bacteria Streptococcus pneumonia can cause middle ear infections.

Ear Pain Complications

The complications of ear pain are largely determined by the source of the issue.

Swimmer’s ear, for example, can cause an infection to spread to the areas around the ear; this disease, known as malignant otitis, can be dangerous, necessitating large doses of antibiotics and immediate medical attention.
A ruptured eardrum, especially one that does not heal completely, may result in hearing loss or vertigo. If an infection develops, it may spread to the bone behind the ear (mastoiditis) and necessitate immediate medical treatment.

Recurrent ear infections or a persistent buildup of fluid in the middle ear in children may result in hearing loss, behavior or speech difficulties, and even poor school results. Ear tubes, on the other hand, will help reduce the risk of ear infections and correct any residual hearing loss. Call us and schedule your appointment with the best ear specialist doctor in Gurgaon.

Dr. Ravinder Gera

01/May/2021

Tonsillitis is an infection of the tonsils caused by bacteria or viruses. Sore throat, swollen tonsils, trouble swallowing, fever, and swollen glands in the neck are common symptoms. Call us and schedule your appointment with an ent specialist in gurugram. Tonsillitis is most common in infants, although it is uncommon in children under the age of two. Treatment can differ depending on whether the infection is bacterial or viral. Tonsillectomy (surgical removal of the tonsils) may be recommended in some cases.

Causes

Tonsils are two tiny rounded masses of tissue found in the back of the throat. They are part of the immune system and are made of tissue similar to lymph glands.
Tonsils are thought to help protect the body from infection during the first year of life, but they are not needed for an immune function later in life. There is no suggestion that tonsillectomy lowers one’s immunity.
The majority of tonsillitis cases are caused by viruses, with bacteria accounting for just 15–30% of cases.
Many viruses, including cold and flu viruses, glandular fever, measles virus, and cytomegalovirus, may cause viral tonsillitis. The majority of cases of bacterial tonsillitis are caused by the same bacteria that causes strep throat.
Tonsillitis is contagious if the cause is bacterial, and it may be contagious if the cause is viral and the individual has never been exposed to that virus. In both cases, measures should be taken to avoid its spread.

Symptoms and signs

A sore throat is often the first sign of a cold and may go away after a day or two; other cold symptoms such as a runny nose and cough may follow. Tonsillitis is characterized by a mild to extreme sore throat that lasts more than two days and is caused by tonsil inflammation. Tonsillitis can also cause the following symptoms:

Swallowing that is difficult or painful
Laryngitis is a form of throat infection.
Lymph nodes (swollen and tender glands) on the sides of the neck
Breath problems
Chills and fever
Tiredness, a fever, and an earache
Pressure or discomfort in the stomach
Tonsils that are enlarged and reddened, with white/yellow pus spots
Mouth coughing, loud breathing, and/or snoring are all symptoms of snoring (due to enlarged tonsils blocking the airways).
Tonsillitis symptoms normally go away in three to four days, but they can last up to two weeks even with medication.

Complications

The bacteria that causes strep throat (and related bacterial tonsillitis) can lead to severe complications such as rheumatic fever (which can cause heart damage) and kidney disease. As a result, if strep throat is suspected, it is important to seek medical advice and care.

Tonsillitis can cause a peritonsillar abscess, which is a mass of pus next to one of the tonsils. A peritonsillar abscess can cause discomfort, trouble swallowing, and throat swelling, making breathing difficult. At the first sign of breathing problems, seek medical attention right away. Tonsillitis can also cause eardrum blockage, which can lead to middle ear infections and/or glue ear.

Diagnosis

Symptoms and a throat test are used to make a diagnosis. If strep throat is suspected, your doctor can take a throat swab in addition to specifically examining your throat and tonsils. The throat swab is sent to a lab for culture and detection of the bacteria that is causing the symptoms. Call us and schedule your appointment with the best ent specialist in Gurgaon.

If your adolescent or younger child has tonsillitis and also has extreme lethargy and tiredness, swollen glands in the throat, armpits, and/or groin, and an enlarged spleen, your doctor may suspect glandular fever.

Medications

Rest, rehabilitation, and symptom relief are the primary goals of viral tonsillitis treatment. It is also important to drink plenty of water and eat on a regular basis. If a bacterial infection is confirmed by a throat culture, antibiotics will be administered to avoid complications such as rheumatic fever and kidney disease. To avoid a recurrence of the infection and to reduce the risk of developing rheumatic fever or kidney disease, it is important to complete the entire course of antibiotics as prescribed. Since antibiotics are ineffective against viruses, they would not be prescribed for viral tonsillitis. Tonsillitis caused by a virus normally resolves on its own. Over-the-counter paracetamol and ibuprofen can be used to relieve pain and reduce fever.

Gargling salt water (half teaspoon salt to a cup of warm water) may provide some symptom relief, as may sucking on hard sweets or throat lozenges containing calming, anesthetic, antiseptic, or anti-inflammatory ingredients.

Corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and swelling, particularly when swallowing and breathing are difficult.

Surgical procedure

Because of improved treatment and the availability of appropriate antibiotics, surgical removal of the tonsils (tonsillectomy) is less popular today than it once was. Tonsillectomy, on the other hand, may be prescribed in people who have repeated bouts of tonsillitis, bacterial tonsillitis that does not react to antibiotics, or are allergic to antibiotics.

Surgery does have some complications, including bleeding during and after the procedure in some patients. Throat pain and trouble eating are common in the first few days following surgery. It usually takes two to three weeks to fully recover.

Peritonsillar abscesses may be drained with a needle and syringe or by making a scalpel incision. Tonsillectomy is a choice for people who have had a peritonsillar abscess in the past.

Preventative measures

To avoid spreading the infection, avoid direct contact with people who have tonsillitis. Children and other family members should be held as far away from people suffering from tonsillitis as possible.

Hygiene precautions should also be taken to avoid the spread of infection. There are some examples:
Hand washing and drying should be done on a regular and thorough basis.
Covering coughs and sneezes with a tissue or the inside of the elbow
Hand washing and drying should be done on a regular and thorough basis.
Sharing foods, liquids, eating utensils, or drinking vessels is prohibited.
Cleaning surfaces on a regular basis, particularly in the kitchen and bathroom.

For any ENT problems get the treatment from our hospital with the best ent specialist in Gurgaon.

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Dr. Ravinder Gera

28/Apr/2021

What are dust mite allergies?

Dust mites are small insects known scientifically as Dermatophagoides. These insects cause allergic reactions in people who are sensitive to them, resulting in hay fever, asthma, and other respiratory symptoms. Dust mite allergy is the most common source of year-round allergy and asthma. Dust mite allergies affect millions of people in the United States. Dust mites can be found in almost every part of the world. Humans experience dust mite allergy symptoms after inhaling and handling mite waste materials. Dust mite allergies evolve as a result of protein exposure from dust mite excretions. These proteins function as allergens (substances that can elicit an immune response) and trigger the immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody to be generated. IgE causes an allergic inflammatory reaction. Book your appointment online with a top ent specialist in Gurgaon.

Causes and symptoms

Dust mite allergies cause symptoms that last as long as the mites are present. Unfortunately, complete avoidance of this insect is nearly impossible. Individuals experience different allergy symptoms. Some may have no symptoms, and others have a runny or stuffy nose, itchy watery eyes, sneezing, wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath, which may lead to more severe breathing difficulties and infection.

Fortunately, dust mite allergies may be effectively managed with drugs and environmental changes.

Dust mite allergies, if left untreated, may cause extreme asthma and respiratory distress or failure. Seek medical attention right away if you’re having trouble managing the symptoms of a runny nose, sneezing, wheezing, or coughing. Get urgent medical attention (call 911) if you are experiencing extreme symptoms such as sweating and severe trouble breathing, which could be accompanied by pale or blue lips and a rapid heart rate.

Get urgent medical attention if you are experiencing extreme symptoms such as sweating and severe trouble breathing, which could be accompanied by pale or blue lips and a rapid heart rate.

Dust mite allergies cause nasal passage inflammation and can lead to asthma, resulting in a variety of symptoms. Individuals may experience varying degrees of severity, and symptoms may occur on a regular or less frequent basis. However, asthma symptoms can worsen at any time.

Dust mite allergies are often associated with the following symptoms:

The most common symptoms of dust mite allergies are respiratory system inflammation which includes:

Coughing
Itching in the nose, throat, or roof of the mouth
Feet that are itchy, swollen, or watery
A postnasal drip is a form of postnasal drip.
Nosebleed
Nose bleeds
Nasal cough or stuffy nose

If your dust mite allergy leads to your asthma, you might also experience the following symptoms:

Breathing difficulties
Sleepiness
Disruptions in sleep
Sneezing (whistling sound made with breathing)
Serious symptoms that could signify a potentially fatal condition
Asthma can be life-threatening in some situations.
Pain or pressure in the chest
Confusion or lack of consciousness, even for a short period
Extremely rapid heart rhythm (tachycardia)
Breathing problems, such as shortness of breath or fast breathing (tachypnea)

What is the source of dust mite allergies?

Dust mite allergies are caused by the dust mites themselves (Dermatophagoides family). Dust mites live in dust and feed on skin cells shed by humans and animals. Dust mites find a natural home in the inner layers of furniture cushions, carpets, and bed linen fibers. Mites feed on skin cells and generate waste as a result. Dust mite waste is what causes allergic reactions in people who are allergic to dust mites. As a result, dust mite allergies are more common in dust mite–allergic people who inhale these particles regularly. High levels of dust mite exposure in children are a significant contributor to the development of asthma.

When your immune system responds to foreign material, such as pollen, pet dander, or dust mites, you have an allergic reaction. Antibodies are proteins produced by your immune system. Any of these antibodies defend you against invading organisms that may make you ill or cause an infection. When you have allergies, the immune system produces antibodies that mark a specific allergen as dangerous even though it is not. When you inhale or come into contact with an allergen, your immune system reacts by causing an inflammatory reaction in your nasal passages or lungs. Exposure to the allergen for an extended period or days will result in the ongoing (chronic) inflammation associated with asthma.

call us and schedule your appointment for ENT problems with the best ent specialist in Gurgaon.

What factors contribute to dust mite allergies?

A variety of factors contribute to the development of dust mite allergies. Dust mite allergies do not affect anyone who has a risk factor. The following are risk factors for dust-mite allergies:

Excessive dust mite exposure, particularly early in life
Humid living conditions
Other allergy symptoms
Personal or family history of dust mite exposure
lowering the chances of developing dust mite allergies
You will reduce the chances of developing dust mite allergies by doing the following:
Using “mite-proof” covers to encase mattresses and pillows
Putting in a HEPA Air Cleaner in the Bedroom
Installing a high-efficiency filter in the furnace and air conditioner with a MERV rating of 11 or 12.
Pets must be kept out of bedrooms at all times.
Maintaining a humidity level of less than 55%
Taking knit and textured fabrics out of the bedroom (bedspreads, blankets, draperies, heavy curtains)
Taking out wall-to-wall carpeting in bedrooms
Both bed linens should be washed daily with hot water.

How are allergies to dust mites treated?

The first step in treating dust mite allergies is to seek medical attention from your doctor. To decide if you are allergic to dust mites, questions about your symptoms and when they arise will be asked. Antihistamines, which help eliminate sneezing, runny nose, and scratching, are the mainstay of treatment for dust-mite allergies. To relieve a stuffy nose, decongestant medications may be used. Anti-inflammatory drugs can help reduce nasal and lung inflammation. Bronchodilators are used to treat wheezing and trouble breathing caused by allergic asthma.

What you should do to alleviate dust mite allergies. In addition to following your doctor’s orders and taking all prescribed medications, you can alleviate your symptoms by doing the following:

Purchasing machine-washable stuffed animals
Changing bed linens regularly
Cleaning your house regularly
Keeping hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids
Getting enough rest
Using high-efficiency vacuum cleaner filters
Wiping surfaces that collect dust every week (with a damp cloth or rag)
Weekly vacuuming of carpets and upholstery

What are the possible side effects of dust mite allergies?

Dust mite allergies can have serious consequences, including severe asthma and sinus or respiratory infections, which can be fatal in some cases. You can reduce your risk of serious complications by adhering to the treatment plan that you and your health care professional devised specifically for you, which includes taking all medications as directed. call us and schedule your appointment for ENT problems with the best ent specialist in Gurgaon.

Dr. Ravinder Gera

25/Apr/2021

What is a tonsillectomy?

The tonsils are surgically removed during a tonsillectomy. Tonsils are noticeable glands in the back of the throat. Tonsils resist infection, but they may also become infected and expand. Tonsillitis is an infection of the tonsils. Tonsillitis can cause trouble breathing, sleep apnea (pauses in breathing while sleeping), difficulty feeding, and ear infections. If you or your child has any of these conditions, your doctor can advise you to have a tonsillectomy. Call us and schedule your appointment with an ent doctor Gurgaon.

What is the purpose of a tonsillectomy?

To treat a child or adult with tonsil problems, your doctor can prescribe a tonsillectomy. There are some examples:

Failure of antibiotic therapy, in which antibiotics do not cure a bacterial tonsil infection.

Toxic tonsil cancer
Difficulties chewing or drinking as a result of swollen tonsils
Excessive and noisy snoring as a result of swollen tonsils that obstruct breathing passages
Frequent episodes of tonsillitis, specifically more than four tonsil infections in a year or five to seven in two years
Sleep apnea, also known as delays in breathing while sleeping, is caused by swollen tonsils.
A tonsillar abscess that is unresponsive to medication

Who performs tonsillectomy surgery?

Tonsillectomy is performed by the following specialists:

Otolaryngologists (ENTs) are doctors who treat diseases and disorders of the head, nose, and throat.

Pediatric otolaryngologists (ENTs) treat diseases and disorders of the head, nose, and throat in babies, teenagers, and adolescents.

Pediatric surgeons are experts in surgery for babies, teenagers, and adolescents.

What is the procedure for a tonsillectomy?

Your tonsillectomy will take place in a hospital, as well as probably in an office or clinic environment. In most cases, the surgery is performed as an outpatient operation. Some patients may be required to stay in the hospital overnight for observation.

Tonsillectomy surgical techniques

Through the mouth, your surgeon will extract or reduce the size of your tonsils. If you have repeated tonsillitis, the surgeon will most likely remove all of your tonsil tissue. If the tonsils are swollen, surgeons can only reduce their size.

Based on your diagnosis, age, medical background, general health, and likely personal preference, your surgeon will advise you on which treatment is best for you. Learn about the various procedures and why your surgeon would use one over another for you.

Tonsillectomy techniques include the following:

Tonsil tissue is burned away by electrocautery. It also aids in the reduction of blood loss by cauterization, which closes the blood vessels.
A harmonic scalpel vibrates a special blade with hot ultrasonic energy. The blade slices the tonsil tissues and prevents bleeding.
Tonsil tissue is destroyed and removed using a laser in Laser tonsil ablation (LTA).
A microdebrider uses a rotary shaving system connected to suction to reduce the size of the tonsil.
Tonsil tissue is destroyed using radiofrequency energy in radiofrequency ablation procedures (somnoplasty and coblation).
The most common tonsillectomy procedure is tonsil removal with a scalpel.

What to Expect on Your Tonsillectomy Day

What are the dangers and complications of tonsillectomy?

A tonsillectomy, like any other surgery, has drawbacks and potential complications. The majority of tonsillectomy procedures are effective, but complications can be severe and even fatal in some cases. During surgery or rehabilitation, complications may occur.

The following are the general risk of surgery:

Anesthesia reactions, such as allergic reactions and breathing difficulties
Bleeding can result in shock.
The spread of infection
Potential Tonsillectomy Risks
Tonsillectomy complications include:
Earache
Injuries to the back of the mouth’s roof (soft palate)
Pain or trouble swallowing that usually subsides after a few days
Throat discomfort, which normally subsides after a few days

lowering the chances of complications

You will lower the risk of such complications by adhering to your care plan and:

Before surgery and during recovery, you can adhere to the following activity, nutritional, and lifestyle restrictions, and recommendations.
Informing your doctor whether you are breastfeeding or if you believe you might be pregnant.
Notifying your doctor right away if you have any concerns, such as bleeding, fever, or a rise in pain.
Take your medicine exactly as prescribed.
Informing all members of your care team about any allergies you may have

How can I get ready for my tonsillectomy?

You play an important role in your healthcare team. The steps you take prior to surgery will help you feel more comfortable and have a better outcome.
Prepare for the tonsillectomy by answering all questions about your medical history and medicines. Prescriptions, over-the-counter medications, natural remedies, and supplements are also included. It’s a good idea to keep an up-to-date list of your medical conditions, drugs, and allergies on hand at all times.
Preoperative research is being performed as directed. The type of testing you receive will depend on your age, fitness, and procedure. Clotting blood tests and other tests as required may be performed prior to surgery.
Losing extra weight prior to surgery by following a balanced diet and exercise regimen
As guided, no eating or drinking before surgery. If you eat or drink too close to the start of surgery, the surgery could be canceled because you can choke on stomach contents when under anesthesia.
Trying to quit smoking as soon as possible. Even abstaining for a few days may be helpful and aid in the healing process.
Taking or discontinuing drugs exactly as prescribed. This includes abstaining from aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), and blood thinners.

What do I expect after a tonsillectomy?

Knowing what to expect will make your recovery from tonsillectomy as painless as possible.

How much time will it take to recover?

After surgery, you will be held in the recovery room until you are awake, breathing normally, and your vital signs are stable. You may be asked to stay for several hours so that your care provider can monitor for bleeding and other issues. You’ll most likely return home the same day.

The amount of time it takes to recover depends on the operation, the type of anesthesia used, your general health, age, and other factors. It takes one to two weeks to fully recover. Call us and schedule your appointment with an ent doctor in Gurugram.

Dr. Ravinder Gera

22/Apr/2021

When a patient is looking for a specialist or a doctor regarding any of the specific conditions he is going through, it is essential to meet people who are well-versed and know everything about their situation.

ENT specialists in Gurgaon railway road are qualified to that level that they have studied internal and external structures of the ear, which helps them diagnose and treat the conditions related to ENT.

The pinna, which plays a role in the sound collection in some lower animals, does not function in human beings. The external auditory canal acts as a channel for the conduction of sounds from the auricle to the tympanic membrane and adds resonance to it, amplifying it by 10-12 decibels. Studying physiology is essential for the best ear doctor in Gurgaon because that will help with examinations and indirectly treating their patients in a good way.

PHYSIOLOGY OF HEARING

Sound is conducted from the external auditory canal through the tympanic membrane and ossicles to the cochlea, which is the sensory organ of hearing.

The hearing mechanism thus involves two components:

The sound conducting mechanism (transmission).
The perceptive neural mechanism

(transduction).

The sound conducting system extends from the external auditory canal to the cochlear fluids.

Physiology of the Conductive Mechanism

The functions of the ear include hearing and maintenance of balance.

The tympanic membrane and ossicles conduct the sound and increase its pressure before it transmits to the cochlea. This increase in sound pressure provided by the tympanic membrane and ossicles is necessary to overcome the impedance (resistance) to the sound transmission and is called the impedance matching function of the middle ear.

Impedance Matching of Middle Ear

Transmission of sound from the middle ear containing air to the cochlea containing fluid would have been problematic as this means sound information from perspective to liquid. Because of the difference in the acoustic properties of the two media, most of the sound reflected (impeded) would mean a loss of about 99.9 percent of acoustic energy. Nature provided a middle ear impedance matching system, which overcomes this resistance by increasing the sound pressure. The function is affected by the following.

The sizeable effective surface area of the tympanic membrane (55 mm2) compared to the small surface area of the footplate of stapes (3.2 mm2) provides a magnification of about 17 times. It is called the hydraulic ratio.

The greater length of the handle of malleus compared to the long process of incus (1.3:1) called ossicular chain lever ratio also provides some gain in the transmission.

The two gains, the hydraulic and ossicular lever ratios (17 × 1.3 = 22), are known as the transformer ratio.

Middle ear functions as the sound pressure transformation mechanism and helps in impedance matching of the sound.

While preferentially feeding the oval window with sound waves, the tympanic membrane also gives protection to the round window. It shields the round window from the direct impact of the sound waves and allows it to function as a release point necessary for a fluid displacement of the inner ear.

Bone Conduction of Sounds

Besides air conduction, the sounds transmit through bone, which may be due to vibration of the skull by the subject’s sound waves, the free-field sound energy, or by application of the vibrating body directly to the head.

Stimulation of the sense organs by the bone-conducted sounds occurs through the compressional mechanism of the skull or by the inertia (lagging) of the ossicles and mandible as the head vibrates. The lagging behind of the mandible produces vibration of the cartilaginous meatus, then transmitted to the ear.

Functions of the Middle Ear Muscles

The primary function of the intratympanic muscles, the stapedius, and tensor tympani are to protect the inner ear from damage due to high-intensity sounds. Loud sounds reflexly stimulate the muscles, which cause stiffness of the ossicular chain, and thus less sound is passed into the inner ear. As these muscles have a latent period of contraction of 10 msec, these do not protect from sudden explosive sounds. Sound intensity of 70–90 dB above the hearing threshold is required to elicit the stapedial reflex.

Besides this reflex function, the intratympanic muscles help in supporting the ossicular chain.

Functions of Eustachian Tube

The eustachian tube helps in the aeration of the middle ear. Usually, an aerated central ear cavity is essential for the proper functioning of the tympanic membrane and ossicles. It provides a hypotympanic air bubble for the movement of the round window membrane.

The eustachian tube helps in the equalization of pressure in the middle ear. As the atmospheric pressure decreases, as during ascent in an airplane, the air in the central ear cavity gets absorbed, and a negative pressure develops inside the middle ear cavity. Equalizes frequent swallowing movements, which open the eustachian tubes. Failure to open the lines results in their closure (locking) and produces serous otitis media.

A similar situation occurs during the decompression phase in pressurized chambers.

Functions of the Mastoid Cellular System

The function of cellularity of the mastoid is not very clear. However, it may serve the following procedures.

It may be an air reservoir for the middle

ear cavity.

It may be insulating chambers protecting

the labyrinth from temperature variations.

It may provide resonance to sound.

Sensorineural Mechanism of Hearing

Once the sound waves are transmitted, the footplate of stapes causes movement of the cochlear fluids. It produces a ripple that causes displacement of the basilar membrane. The organ of Corti gets stimulated and results in the generation of cochlear microphonics.

The nerve impulses (action potentials) carry to the central connection.

ENT specialist Gurgaon Railway road knows all these functions, and that is why they are considered by almost every patient to visit when they suffer from any ENT problem.

DISTORTION IN THE EAR

There are several forms of sound distortion to which the ear, in common with other acoustic devices, is subjected. These are as follows:

Frequency distortion The “preferential” transmission of specific frequencies as compared to others occurs when the secondary system into which the sound transmits from the primary system cannot reproduce all frequencies with the same relative amplitude as does the primary system. In this sense, the close loss of high-frequency components in low pass filters is an example of frequency distortion.

Phase distortion Changes in the phase relationships of the constituent frequencies of a complex sound constitute phase distortion.

Amplitude distortion refers to the inability of a given system to reproduce the incident waveform properly. Both complex and straightforward wave motions can be affected by amplitude distortion.

To summarize, the best ear doctor in Gurgaon is not only qualified, but I have also studied deeply about the ear’s physiology, which helps them while practicing.

Dr Ravinder Gera

27/Feb/2021

ENTs And Thyroid Conditions!

Once patients develop a thyroid condition, the way they approach it changes. The thyroid gland is located in the lower neck and is responsible for metabolism growth and development. When the thyroid is in jeopardy, both children and adults face an uphill battle to get well. The professional ear, nose and throat (ENT) can treat several different thyroid conditions.

The following four thyroid disorders require professional treatment before they become too dangerous.

Hypothyroidism: When the body lacks the thyroid hormone that it normally produces, hypothyroidism becomes a problem. The cause of this can be a gland that doesn’t work or a missing gland in the body.

Hyperthyroidism – the opposite of hypothyroidism. The body produces the thyroid hormone in excess, which is just as bad as it does under production. Grave’s Disease falls within this category and is common.

Thyroiditis-The inflammation of the thyroid gland is called thyroiditis. Some variations may be due to infection, so patients with sinus conditions are the most vulnerable. Some early stages of hyperthyroidism are turning into thyroiditis.

Thyroid Nodules: Thyroid bumps can go from small to large if left unchecked. This is the most visual of all four thyroid conditions and should be checked immediately by a professional.

Treatment Options Available :

Thyroid conditions and their treatment options are based on the type and the need for an ENT specialist. Thyroid nodules usually fall within the competence of ENT specialists. Ultrasound gives doctors an idea of what they are dealing with and whether surgery is required. Biopsies for thyroid and surgeries are safe once the necessary information on the condition has been collected. Doctors will perform thyroid function tests, ultrasound, fine-needle aspiration biopsy, and regular thyroid scans. All this is done to determine if the nodule is cancerous because it involves a completely dissimilar treatment.

Nodules are treated with thyroid hormone suppression surgery. There are anti-thyroid drugs available, like methimazole, that work great for methimazole.

There are anti-thyroid drugs available, such as methimazole, that work great for some patients. If the size of the thyroid nodule is small enough, physicians may wait to see how it develops over time. This allows them to run further tests to ensure that they don’t get worse while allowing the body to correct the thyroid problem itself. If the condition is going to get better, treatment is not necessary.

What is done during the surgery?

The surgeon will cut a 3-to 5-inch incision across the base of your neck in front of the surgery. The skin and muscle is pulled back to expose the thyroid gland. The incision is usually made in such a way that it falls in the fold of the skin in your neck, making it less noticeable.

Blood supply to the gland is “removed”, and the parathyroid glands are observed. The surgeon separates the trachea from the thyroid gland and removes all or part of the gland.

Dr Ravinder Gera

27/Feb/2021

Saviour Sinus Surgery!

Do you ever feel that the only way to clear your sinuses is to explode a nuclear missile down your nose? Gone are the days when it was supposed to feel that impossible. Sinus surgery, also known as Functional Sinus Endoscopic Surgery, makes it possible for you to live a sinus free life and breathe with ease.

Sinuses are air cavities present between the bones of the face. These cavities, which are opened in the nose through small holes, are called Ostia. The wall of the cavities is lined with mucus. This mucus is drained out of the Ostia. FESS is a surgery to unblock the openings of the sinuses.

Sinus surgery may be necessary when these infections are recurrent or persistent. Sinus surgery is most commonly used to treat chronic sinusitis (inflammation of the nose and sinuses) but maybe needed for other sinus problems.

Surgery involves widening the openings between the sinuses and the inside of the nose so that the air can get in and the drainage can get out. It may involve the removal of infected sinus tissue, bone or polyps. Modern sinus surgery has less post-operative bleeding, is less invasive and involves a shorter recovery time than previous sinus surgery.

There are two kinds of sinus surgery :

Functional sinus endoscopic surgery (FESS): This is the most common type of sinus surgery. It is done by looking through the nose with a nasal endoscope (a small telescope) to see the nose’s inside and the entrances to the sinuses. The same nostril uses other instruments to perform the procedure.

Image-guided surgery: FESS is often performed with an image-guided system that uses computed tomography (CT) scans to help the surgeon identify anatomy and remove only the required tissue. This helps the surgeon know when they are getting close to the sine margin and thus improves safety.

Other procedures may be used for more serious sine problems, including the Caldwell Luc operation and endoscopic skull base surgery.

Measures were taken before the surgery :

Your doctor will perform a preoperative screening and may prescribe medicines to prevent infection, swelling or other complications during the procedure. After midnight, the night before surgery, you won’t be able to eat or drink anything. Your doctor should inform you of any medications or supplements that may lead to bleeding before surgery, such as aspirin and ibuprofen.

The procedure of the surgery :

The surgery is performed under general or local anaesthesia. Surgeons, with the help of endoscopic cameras, widen the view inside the nose to obtain clarity. Surgeons identify infected, swollen sinuses. The Ostia (holes to the nose) is enlarged to increase the drainage from the sinuses. This reduces the chance of recurrence and clears the inflammation. FEZS relieves the pain and heals the sinuses and the openings.

Post-surgery measures:

You will receive local or general anaesthesia (most often general anaesthesia). The surgery may last from 1 to 3 hours or more, depending on the type of surgery being performed. Upon completing the surgery, you will be taken to the recovery room to wake up from the anaesthetic. Before you leave the surgery centre, you will be given instructions on what to do at home to help speed up your surgery.

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